How Well Do You Know Your Testicles?

Balls, nuts, family jewels—whatever you call them, this is your reminder to give them a check.

Doing a monthly testicular self-exam could save your life. Testicular cancer is the most common cancer among guys aged 15 to 35—but many men don’t know how to perform or prioritize regular self-checks.

The good news: it’s highly treatable

The survival rate for testicular cancer in Canada is 97% when caught early. However, testicular cancer growths are often painless, so regular self-exams are critical for catching potential problems early on.

By age 15, guys should be well acquainted with their testicles. However, testicular cancer can develop at any age. That’s why regular self-exams are essential—no matter how old you are.

Symptoms of testicular cancer

Often, testicular cancer doesn’t show any signs at all—another reason why monthly checks matter. But keep an eye out for:

A painless lump in either testicle
Changes in testicle size, shape or firmness
A dull pressure, pain or discomfort in the lower back, belly, or groin
A heavy feeling in the scrotum
Fluid build-up or swelling in the scrotum

More advanced cancer can cause abdominal swelling, persistent dull aches in the abdomen or groin, pain in the back, or swelling of the breast tissue.

How to do a testicular self-exam

If you’ve just taken a cold plunge, now’s not the time. The best moment to check your testicles is after a warm shower when your scrotum is relaxed.

Get familiar with your balls

Everyone’s testicles are different. They can vary significantly, from grape to small egg-sized, and it’s common for one to be slightly larger. Get to know what your testicles feel like, including the squishy tubes at the back that store sperm (the epididymis).

Knowing what’s normal for you makes it easier to spot if something’s off.

Two simple steps:

Stand in front of a mirror to check for any visible swelling on the scrotal skin.
Gently roll each testicle between your thumb and fingers, feeling for any lumps, changes in size, or irregular textures.

What if you notice something unusual?

Don’t panic. Many lumps or changes aren’t cancer, but seeing a doctor as soon as possible is always best. If testicular cancer is present, early treatment significantly increases the chances of a full recovery.

A doctor will likely:

Ask questions about your symptoms
Perform a quick physical scan
An ultrasound and/or blood test will be done if any abnormalities are found in the physical exam

How often should you check?

Once a month. This frequency is enough to help you notice if something changes.

Sam Corbett’s wake-up call

Sam Corbett, drummer for the Canadian rock band The Sheepdogs, was 34 and had everything going for him: his band was on tour, and he was about to become a dad. One day, while showering, Sam noticed a lump. Even though he had no other symptoms, he went to a healthcare professional to check it out.

It turned out to be testicular cancer. Sam acted fast, cancelled some shows, and prioritized surgery and radiation therapy.

It’s not always easy sharing personal information about yourself, especially a difficult diagnosis. Talking openly allowed Sam to prioritize his health, strengthen his relationships, and make healthier choices — like cutting back on alcohol and focusing on diet and meditation.

Because he caught it early, Sam is now cancer-free.

Hear Sam’s story on the Don’t Change Much Podcast.

Lower your risk of testicular cancer

While some risk factors for testicular cancer, such as family history and ethnicity, can’t be helped, making healthier lifestyle choices can help to reduce your risk:

Eat more whole foods and less ultra-processed foods
Stay active
Quit smoking
Take breaks from alcohol
Choose lean proteins, like fish, lentils and beans, over red meat

Your health is in your hands

Testicular cancer isn’t something to be embarrassed about. Doing regular self-checks, knowing your body, and speaking up when something feels off can help you live a longer, healthier life.

Do you have a survivor story you’d like to share to help other guys? Drop us a line at [email protected] or ping us in the comments below.